Semaglutide
GLP-1 receptor agonist for type 2 diabetes, weight management, and cardiovascular risk reduction
Indications
Semaglutide is indicated for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus as an adjunct to diet and exercise, for chronic weight management in adults with obesity or overweight, and for the reduction of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in adults with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease. It is one of the most widely prescribed GLP-1 receptor agonists worldwide.
Mechanism of Action
Semaglutide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist that mimics the incretin hormone GLP-1. It binds to and activates the GLP-1 receptor, stimulating glucose-dependent insulin secretion, suppressing glucagon release, slowing gastric emptying, and reducing appetite through central mechanisms. Its long-acting formulation allows for once-weekly dosing, improving patient adherence.
Dosage & Administration
For type 2 diabetes (injection): Starting dose of 0.25 mg once weekly for 4 weeks, then 0.5 mg once weekly. May increase to 1 mg or 2 mg weekly. For weight management: Starting dose of 0.25 mg weekly, titrated up to 2.4 mg weekly over 16-20 weeks.